ABSTRACT
Water is a vital factor for all living beings in the world. It exists in different forms and locations, such as in the air, on the surface, below the ground, and in the oceans. Water that is available below the ground is known as the groundwater. About only 2.5% of the Earth’s water is freshwater, and mostly is frozen in glaciers and ice sheets. Among liquid freshwater, about 96% present in the groundwater and small remaining fraction is on the surface and in the air. So, the protection of groundwater from contamination is a must for water sustainability. Therefore, this chapter aims to provide some understanding about the groundwater protection and contamination control. It includes the occurrence of groundwater, storage forms of it, characteristics of groundwater, influence of discharge on its quality. Its dynamic and equilibrium, pollution factors, contamination survey, and the pollution remediation as well. We can conclude from this chapter about the importance of groundwater maintenance by every human beings.
