ABSTRACT
Remote sensing is being used successfully as an alternative that provides spatially and temporally consistent information required for efficient management. Remote sensing information from LISS IV and SAR data through RISAT (India), Cosmo Skymed (Italy), as well as Sentinel 1A (Europe) is often used to estimate the crop area as well as yield with a reliability of 87–93% in Tamil Nadu. TNIAMP used remote sensing data as a method to investigate the effect on water supplies, crop sector, and diversification. For practical assessment, Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data from Sentinel 1A and RISAT were utilized along with optical data during the cropping season. The ability has been demonstrated in rice, cotton, maize, groundnut, and coconut. The satellite technology was effective in assessing the impact of water shortages in the agriculture ecosystem. The recent floods of Tamil Nadu were precisely mapped using Sentinel 1A SAR data which helped in forwarding relief measures. Near real-time information, using satellites, on water spread and water availability duration are generated across the 24system tanks. This study aims to monitor water resources, especially for water spreads and sustainable crop intensification and diversification. This chapter highlights the remote sensing and GIS techniques and presents a brief review on applying these two emerging techniques for groundwater resource management and development.
