ABSTRACT
Zika virus (ZIKV) is a mosquito-borne, positive-stranded RNA virus that belongs to the Flaviviridae family, responsible for causing illness referred to as Zika virus disease or Zika fever. As well as epidemics of dengue and chikungunya virus, ZIKV is also transmitted by Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes, which recommends an enduring upsurge of environmental and social dynamics that has been observed to be new regime of Zika virus infection. Human population growth, unplanned urbanisation, globalisation, and lack of well-organised vector management are some crucial dimensions responsible for the emergence of ZIKV. At the same time, changes in the climate such as fluctuating temperature, precipitation, humidity, and wind also have an impact on the spread of the virus. Moreover, ZIKV infection is also suggested to be linked with aberrant functioning of neuronal cells, resulting in neurological disorders such as microcephaly and Guillain–Barré syndrome. Nevertheless, ZIKV-mediated neurodegeneration has not still been entirely comprehended. Here, we focus on summing up the understanding of the ZIKV outbreak with an emphasis on its epidemiology, various environmental and social dynamics, association with neurological dysfunction, and healthcare prevention and mitigation possibilities. Extensive research is needed to learn more about the various aspects of infection that contribute to the high prevalence of neurological illness.
