ABSTRACT
Nutraceutical is a combination of two words, “nutrition” and “pharmaceutical,” and the word nutraceutical was coined by Stephen L. DeFelice in 1989. Nutraceuticals are food products of natural origin from both terrestrial and marine sources having healthcare importance. Functional foods are foods derived from natural origin enriched in nutrients and are being fortified with essential nutrients. Medical foods are foods that are specially formulated to be consumed internally under the supervision of a physician, which is intended for the dietary management of particular disease that has distinctive nutritional needs that cannot be met by normal diet alone. Marine ecosystems consist of diverse group including fish, shellfishes, sponges, corals, sea anemones, hydrozoans, jellyfish, macroalgae, microalgae, bacteria, cyanobacteria etc. The extraction of chitin form bio-waste comprises of thee-steps: deproteinization (DP), demineralization (DM), and decolorization (DC). Glucosamine is chemically glucose in which a hydroxyl group on the second carbon atom is substituted with an amino group.
