ABSTRACT
Botulinum toxin, consisting of a neuromuscular blocking protein produced by the anaerobic bacterium Clostridium botulinum, which is adapted to be safely injected into patients, is used in aesthetic medicine to target facial areas such as the forehead, crow’s feet, medial eyebrows, the jowl, and platysma neck-bands. In Italy, it is currently licensed for the temporary improvement of glabellar lines and lateral canthal lines in adult patients when there is a significant psychological impact. Both the safety and effectiveness of any approved botulinum toxin have been thoroughly investigated and recently reviewed. Bunny lines are generated predominantly from the paramedial portion of the transverse muscle of the nose, which causes oblique wrinkles in a lateral-medial direction from top to bottom. The dose for the injection site is 2 U per side. The target muscle for treating a drooping nasal tip is the depressant of the nasal septum.
