Study on the influencing factors and implementation path of China's freight structure adjustment under the background of “Carbon Peak” and “Carbon Neutrality”

Transportation structure is related to energy consumption, greenhouse gas emissions and the realization of “Carbon Peak” and “Carbon Neutrality” objectives in the field of transportation. This paper uses the structural analysis method to analyze the current situation and characteristics of China's freight structure in recent ten years from two aspects of freight volume and freight turnover and analyzes the transportation structure adjustment policies at the central, industry and local levels in recent years from the perspective of policy tools. The research shows that: (1) At present, China's freight structure is unreasonable, the development level of multi-modal transport is low, the connection of comprehensive transport is not smooth, the collection and distribution system is imperfection, the research and development of new technologies and new equipment are insufficient, and the imperfect system of transportation market mechanism. (2) It is proposed to deepen the construction of demonstration areas during the “14th Five-Year Plan” period, continuously improve support policies, strengthen the effective connection of comprehensive transportation infrastructure, promote information interconnection and sharing, increase the intensity of the railway market reform, and promote the construction of the benign market ecological environment. The implementation path provides a reference for optimizing the transportation structure.