ABSTRACT
Consumption of food contaminated with biological and chemical contaminants causes foodborne illnesses and serious health complications. To avoid food-related health issues, it is necessary to have food products free from biological and chemical contaminants. Food contamination is possible at any stage from production to till consumption by anyone or multiple sources, so checking the contaminants before consumption of the food by efficient detection method is the only way to avoid contaminant food. But detection of food contaminants, thereby assuring food safety is the most difficult task in the food sector. The existing pathogen and toxin detection methodologies in food are either costlier or time-consuming and laborious. Biosensors can detect pathogens contaminants, microbial toxins, residual pesticides, and chemical toxins, with high precision and more efficiently over than existing detection techniques. Advancement of nanotechnology made possible that integration of nanomaterials, i.e., metal and magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), carbon nanotubes (CNTs), metal oxide, quantum dots, etc., in the biosensor, and makes them as nanobiosensor. Therefore, the nanobiosensors are more efficient and accurate over conventional biosensor with respect to detection of pathogenic microorganism, biological toxin, chemical toxins, and allowing optimum preservative usage thereby ensure the toxin-free and food products. The current chapter explores the nanomaterial usage to improve 46the biosensor and thereby enhancing the detection of different toxins present in the food materials using nano biosensors.
