ABSTRACT
A plethora of biomolecules of plant and animal origin have contributed significantly to current practice in clinical medicine and diagnostic technologies. It has widespread application in the prophylaxis, detection, therapy and management of human disease, and it is also proving to be useful in personalized medicine. Ancient biomolecules have paved the way for researchers to better understand the evolutionary history and address problems associated with the spread of specific pathogenic microbes around the world. Antibiotics are defined as natural or synthetic substances endowed with antibacterial or antimicrobial properties, used to treat or prevent and control severe communicable and/or infectious diseases. Misuse and overuse of antibiotics as well as inadequate infection prevention and control have led to bacterial tolerance and has largely contributed to the spread of antibiotic resistance. The emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria has posed to be a serious threat globally, reducing the effectiveness of life-saving medications.
