ABSTRACT
Changes in the intensities of tropical cyclones (TCs) are a complex multiscale problem. Not only external atmospheric environmental factors, such as the ocean thermal environment and environmental vertical wind shear, but also internal dynamic processes, such as small-scale processes, balanced and unbalanced dynamics and multiscale interaction processes, result in changes in TC intensity. These factors interact in a nonlinear form, resulting in difficulty regarding TC intensity forecasts. At present, studies on the effects of external environmental factors are relatively complete and certain. As the key to breaking through the limitation of TC intensity prediction, most of the internal dynamic processes have not been unified. From the two aspects of environmental factors and internal dynamics, this paper reviews, summarizes and discusses the above main physical factors affecting changes in TC intensity by investigating the latest literature in the last decade to provide a theoretical basis and ideas for the further study of TC intensity changes.
