ABSTRACT
Electric vehicles (EVs) are propelled by batteries, a form of energy storage. The fact that there are more EVs on the road presents a challenge because more of them require charging, which puts a strain on the power infrastructure [1]. There will be an increase in EVs due to the widespread manufacture of electric vehicles and affordable energy prices [2]. As they require several batteries, the energy density, weight, availability, and cost of the batteries used in electric cars are all important considerations [3, 4]. Lithium-ion batteries, which are advantageous economically, are the most commonly used batteries. Due to their great effectiveness, low weight, quick charging time, high power output, long lifespan, and low environmental impact during battery disposal, lithium-ion batteries have recently gained popularity on a global scale.
