ABSTRACT
Nanoparticles (NPs) serve as the contrasting agent in the computed tomography (CT) guided interventional devices and processes. The high contrast imaging of the patient is critical for accurate and early diagnosis, and thereafter the elimination of the abnormality. A high contrast CT scan helps in the diagnosis of blood clots, broken bones, carcinogenic tumors, infections, internal injuries and bleeding, and cardiovascular diseases. Thereafter it helps in the determination of the precise location of surgery, biopsy, and monitoring conditions after surgery. Besides iodine, today radiologists are interested in high atomic number NPs like gold, tantalum, bismuth, and silver. The chapter talks about recent research in composite NPs, size-tunable NPs, entrapped gold NPs, nanodots doped NPs, multi-functional NPs, Janus NPs, PEGylated NPs, antibody functionalized NPs, bioactive capped NPs, aptamer-conjugated NPs, and branched NPs. The advancement in NP-based CT-guided imaging for a specific target is highly desirable for effective intervention processes such as drainage by catheter, needle insertion, and so on.
