ABSTRACT
Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are porous materials that have gained significant attention in energy applications due to their high surface area, tunable pore size, and chemical stability. MOFs are composed of metal ions or clusters linked by organic ligands, forming three-dimensional structures with regularly arranged pores. These unique properties make MOFs attractive for various energy-related applications, including gas storage, catalysis, and energy conversion and storage. This chapter discusses current developments in MOF-based materials for energy applications. MOFs have been employed in energy production as heterogeneous catalysts for CO2 reduction and water-splitting processes. They have also been researched for usage in thermoelectric generators and photoelectrochemical cells. MOFs have been investigated for energy conversion as materials for gas storage and separation, as well as parts of supercapacitors and batteries. Additionally, MOFs have been utilized in the creation of innovative hybrid solar cell materials as well as photocatalysts for the production of hydrogen from water. MOFs have been investigated for application in energy storage as electrode materials in lithium-ion batteries and for hydrogen and methane storage. Additionally, MOFs have demonstrated promise in developing innovative fuel cell materials. Overall, MOF-based materials have much promise for a variety of energy-related applications. More study is required to fully comprehend their characteristics and enhance their performance for real-world application in energy-related technologies.
