ABSTRACT
RNA has been a point of attraction for molecular biologists since the discovery of DNA at the end of the nineteenth century. After 30 years of discovery of mRNA, the first regulatory noncoding RNA (ncRNA) was identified initially in bacteria and further in other eukaryotic organisms such as H19 and X-inactive specific transcript. Numerous studies suggest that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a crucial role in a plethora of cellular mechanisms either directly or indirectly. They regulate the gene expressions by playing a dual role, with some of them portraying oncogenic characteristics while others depicting tumor-suppressing functions. lncRNA can also serve as prognostic biomarkers and on the contrary play a significant role in Multidrug resistance. Their indulgence in not only cancers but also several neurological disorders make them a paramount target for in-depth study of multiple fatal diseases.
