ABSTRACT
Wireless sensor networks (WSN) need energy-efficient communication methods due to the limited energy of battery-powered sensor nodes. But most current systems use the traditional layered protocol approach. Putting common protocol layer functions into a cross-layer module makes a unified solution for sensor nodes with limited resources considerably more resource efficient. There is currently no cross-layer communication protocol that considers both transport and routing aspects of WSN event transmission, as well as physical layer (wireless channel) ramifications. This chapter proposes a universal cross-layer protocol to replace WSN present tiered protocol design. Our design technique is dubbed “totally unified cross-layering.” It combines the information and skills of many communication levels into one protocol. The suggested cross-layer protocol’s purpose is to make communication exceedingly reliable while consuming very little energy. It should also allow for flexible communication and reduce local congestion. The protocol’s operation is guided by a novel principle called initiative determination. WSN cross-layer protocol enables efficient and reliable communication via received-based contention, local congestion control, and distributed duty cycle operation. The cross-layer protocol outperforms traditional layered protocols in performance tests.
