ABSTRACT
Advances in wireless communication, improvement in multi-functional sensors, and the miniaturization of electronics combine to form a new technology named wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Wireless sensor networks consist of an infrastructure less enormous number of sensors that are modeled in an ad-hoc manner, which plays a major role in the present scenario, and they are used in many applications—military, medical, agriculture, monitoring of machines, and IoT. They are used to monitor the physical conditions of the environment in addition to processing and communication of data, which confers benefits such as increased range of transmission, self-organization, and ease of deployment. The data that is received is stored and then transmitted to the sink node which is known to be the central location. Therefore, WSNs face the challenge of limited energy sources, where packet transmission and sensing functions are the most power-consuming factors in WSN. Various power management schemes in WSNs have been proposed in the literature, whereby different approaches typically focus on different performance metrics. This chapter presents a comprehensive survey of the static and dynamic power management mechanisms in wireless sensor networks. Also, dynamically managing the sensor node operations to reduce power consumption after deployment is discussed.
