ABSTRACT
Emigration from rural to urban areas (rural exodus) has increased considerably since the end of the twentieth century. However, this phenomenon started with the Industrial Revolution because new employment opportunities were generated in the cities. Today, 55% of people live in cities, and it is estimated that in 2050, 65% of people will live in cities [1]. This population increase in the cities has generated social conflict and environmental degradation. Different policies have been implemented to improve people’s quality of life and reduce environmental damage. These policies and the introduction of new technology have given rise to what are known as smart cities. Parallel to smart cities, new forms of government related to governance have also been developed.
