ABSTRACT
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a well-known viral infection that significantly increases the risk of cervical cancer, one of the most common malignancies affecting women worldwide. Studies dating back to the 1970s have established the link between HPV infection and cervical cancer development. HPV has been identified as the primary causal agent in the development of this malignancy. Infection rates vary among different populations, with a significant burden in developing nations. Conventional therapies for HPV infections, such as surgeries and chemotherapeutic agents, are often costly and inaccessible, especially in developing countries. Therefore, there is a need to explore alternative natural therapeutics with anticancer potential and minimal side effects. Medicinal plants and herbs have been widely used in traditional medicine systems and have shown promise in targeting multiple molecular pathways involved in cervical cancer. Numerous studies have reported the discovery of bioactive compounds from medicinal plants with antitumoral activities. In silico studies have identified phytochemicals capable of interacting with HPV proteins, inhibiting their function, and potentially preventing cancer progression. Furthermore, herbal medicines in developing nations have gained acceptance and can serve as a viable option for HPV management. This review provides a perspective on the therapeutic potential of medicinal plants and herbs against HPV infection and associated cancers. Integrating traditional knowledge, in silico predictions, and experimental studies can lead to the development of effective bio-therapeutics for HPV-related conditions.
