ABSTRACT
One of the major sources of greenhouse gases (GHG) is the transportation sector. In the study of EV integration to the grid, the impacts of different charging methods on battery life and distribution system peak demand are the two most important factors to be considered. Electric vehicles can be classified as hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs), plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs), and battery electric vehicles (BEVs). Among all the various energy storage technologies, lithium-ion battery is the most suitable technology as it has the best performance in practically all the evaluated qualities. Identifying ageing and degradation mechanisms in a battery is the most challenging and time-consuming task. Time-controlled coordinated charging has significant advantages as the converters used for charging the EVs mostly operate near their optimal power output. In this chapter, the energy storage requirement and technologies used in EVs were reviewed with a greater focus on Li-ion batteries that are widely used in current EVs.
