ABSTRACT
In this chapter, the authors deal with the textile washing process, explaining the process parameters and their impact on the load of effluent and environmental pollution. It is known that the level of pollution of this effluent depends on the technical features of the textiles and the share of hydrodynamics, chemistry, temperature, and time. The effects of each factor and their synergistic effects are examined in more detail. Special attention is given to microfibers (MF) and other particles in wastewater pollution. Since it is a dispersed system, particle analysis methods and separation processes at the industrial and laboratory levels are described. The most commonly used separation method is filtration, so the description focuses on filter selection and filter cake analysis and characterization. The filters are developed for wastewaters with different loading levels, depending on the pore size, type, and application. An overview of the physicochemical methods used for effluent, filter cake, and filtrate analysis will be given, with the aim of contributing to the qualitative and quantitative identification of the MF released in the washing process.
