ABSTRACT
Cancer is a generic term that contains a large group of diseases affecting anybody organ so rapidly. It can generate abnormal cells that grow beyond their boundaries and spread to other body organs, invading the adjoining parts. According to WHO: International Agency for Research on Cancer, the mortality rate is very high due to cancer responsible for about 10 million deaths in 2020. Among many others, breast cancer (2.26 million) was the leading cause of death in females. According to the American Cancer Society, in 2021, the projected new cases were 1.9 million diagnosed with this lethal disease, and cancer deaths were nearly 608,570 in the USA. Numerous nanomedicine platforms like micelles, polymeric nanoparticles, liposomes, and dendrimers have been applied for targeted drug delivery because the controlled release is beneficial due to less drug toxicity to healthy cells. Though nanomaterials are advantageous due to their large surface area and high surface energy, they have some disadvantages. Therefore, green synthesis of nanomaterials (nanoparticles and nanofibers) based on plants, microbes, and natural biopolymers is an emerging field with potential medical applications like bio-imaging and magnetic responsive drug delivery anti-cancer therapy and photothermal therapy. Bionanomaterials are desired for sustainable anti-cancer therapy without affecting the other body organs and the environment due to low cost, easy synthesis, autologous pharmaceutical, biocompatibility, biosafety, biodegradability, and ecofriendly nature. 308In this chapter, different therapies and their harmful side effects have been discussed.
