ABSTRACT
Nanotechnology is an innovation of design and the applications of nanoscale materials with their new properties and functions. Nanomaterials-based devices provide very fast response, high-efficiency, long-lifetime, easy to use, and low-cost. With the latest developments in nanoscience and nanotechnology, zinc oxide nanomaterials were synthesized by various means by chemical, physical, and bio-based methods. Biological methods of synthesizing metal oxide nanoparticles (especially ZnO) using microorganisms, enzymes, and plants or plant extracts are possible eco-friendly alternatives to chemical and physical methods. Green methodologies and ZnO as a sustainable material is discussed here in this chapter. ZnO for being biosafe and biocompatible has attracted much interest because of its usefulness for intracellular measurements of biochemical species by using its semiconducting, electrochemical, and catalytic properties. Recently, ZnO nanomaterials have received more concerns because of their prominent biological characteristics and biomedical applications. Zinc oxide nanoparticles as one of the most important metal oxide nanoparticles are popularly active in various fields due to their peculiar physical and chemical properties. In this chapter, various interesting and multifunctional properties of ZnO in 32areas like sensing, tissue engineering, wound healing, their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antibacterial, antidiabetic, and anticancer properties are also discussed along with their biocompatibility and safety evaluation.
