ABSTRACT
Microalgae have prospective sources of value-added bioproducts, such as high sugar feed stocks, energy, biofuels, nutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals. It also has an alternative to plastic biopolymer production from their biomass and bioremediation of pollutants with low energy footprints which can encourage its sustainable employment in the near future. Extremophilic microalgae are growing under the conditions and mechanisms that allow them to tolerate extreme conditions that would be toxic to other normal organisms. It has a function to cooperate by an asset of their ability to grow under extreme conditions such as high temperature, acidic or alkaline pH, low carbon dioxide level and high metal concentration. This chapter deals with a base footstep towards understanding an algal-based bioeconomy and, consequently, helps fuel the globe’s desires. Algal cultivation, harvesting and extraction systems, new conversion technologies for algal biomass and bioproducts and biofuels systems all results in increased bioeconomy. Its synergistic effects and eco-friendly technology with cost effectiveness have wide applications in diverse fields to increase prosperity and sustain the ecologically balanced environment.
