ABSTRACT
This chapter highlights into the design and optimization of LO distribution networks for millimeter wave (mmWave) frequencies is illustrated. The requirements on LO distribution networks is multi-faceted as it ranges from clock signal shape, jitter, multi-phase generation, and transmission line requirements. Four main frequency plans are illustrated, each with its own trade-offs. The concept of using frequency doublers and triplers are illustrated for mmWave LO distribution. Finally, a discussion on the actual buffer design and physical LO distribution is given. Bandwidth extension techniques such as inductive peaking and neutralization are illustrated. There are two primary applications of interest for mmWave LO distribution networks. The jitter transfer function of a chain of buffers always exhibits a high-pass filter characteristics, signifying that jitter amplification becomes more problematic at higher frequencies. The jitter may be random, deterministic (or periodic), or it may manifest itself as duty cycle distortion.
