ABSTRACT
The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are ligand activated transcription factors, belonging to the nuclear receptor superfamily, that control the expression of genes involved in organogenesis, inflammation, cell differentiation, proliferation, lipid, and carbohydrate metabolism. Breast cancer is the fifth most common cancer globally and accounts for the highest morbidity and mortality. Cancer thrives in an acidic environment. One major difference between many solid tumors and surrounding normal tissue is the nutritional and metabolic environment. The functional vasculature of tumors is often inadequate to supply the nutritional needs of the expanding population of tumor cells, leading to deficiency of oxygen and many other nutrients. The majority of nutraceuticals are of plant origin and hence these compounds are considered safe and are popular among consumers. Dietary components that act as ligands of PPAR include dietary lipids such as n-3 and n-6 fatty acids and their derivatives, isoflavones and flavonoids.
