ABSTRACT
Light emitting diodes (LEDs) are considered to be one of the most applicable optoelectronics devices. Therefore, the detailed knowledge and physics behind light emitting diodes is a major field to explore. This is the reason why we discuss the fundamental physics and working principle behind light emitting diodesin this chapter. The chapter extensively covers certain fundamental physics of semiconductor materials followed by the concept of junctions. In addition, the different types of practical LED structures are also discussed. Deep ultraviolet emission LEDs are made on nitride-based III-V materials and its current scenario is discussed briefly in the chapter. Moreover, organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) and their working principle are illustrated with detailed analysis. The work is also supplemented by the simulation approach to analyze the organic light emitting diode performance parameters and outputs. Overall, the chapter provides a comprehensive working mechanism of both inorganic and organic types of LEDs.
