ABSTRACT
Melatonin is a widespread molecule found naturally that not only plays a significant role in human and animals but also has numerous roles in plants, like exerting antioxidant effects, facilitating plant adaptation to stress conditions, delaying senescence, and regulating growth and development. Melatonin is important in many plants physiological processes. It can be found in various sections of the plants examined, which include the roots, stems, seeds, foliage, and fruit body. Melatonin has a role in plant stress conditions, and it is equally involved in senescence, growth, germination, rhizogenesis, and as a protective chemical that improves key mechanisms like cellular water economy, photosynthesis, central and specialized metabolism, and carbon dioxide uptake. Melatonin has been linked to changes in most plant hormones. Melatonin causes flowering to be delayed by stabilizing DELLA proteins and enhances flowering locus C transcription. This chapter will discuss the role of melatonin significance in fruit setting, development, flowering, and ripening/senescence.
