ABSTRACT
The processes within electrochemical systems need to be completely understood for the development of smart and intelligent devices to cater to the need of today’s world. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) technique has been widely utilized to understand underlying process phenomena within electrochemical systems at the micro- to the macroscale. Normally, these processes consist of charge transfer dynamics in bulk and at the interfacial layers of solid or liquid regions that may be of semiconducting, ionic, or mixed ionic−electronic nature. Impedance spectroscopy finds a broad area of application from bio- to nonbio-electrochemical systems. This chapter discusses nonbiological applications of impedance spectroscopy, such as the characterization of energy devices, predicting the life of lithium-ion batteries, industrial lubricants, monitoring of corrosion within metals, and reinforced concrete. These applications of impedance spectroscopy have been detailed here with respect to the recent literature. Apart from this, the characterization of electroactive polymer using the EIS technique has also been discussed in detail for soft robotics applications.
