ABSTRACT
Impedance spectroscopy is a robust technique for characterizing events that involve impedance change. It is a nondestructible method that is widely used in spectroscopic analysis of energy storage devices like batteries and supercapacitors, corrosion studies of metals, photovoltaic cells, biosensing, and various other application pertaining to environmental monitoring. This technique is useful as it has high sensitivity and precision and can decouple processes based on their relaxation time. However, the implementation of impedance-based spectroscopic methods is a challenge as various factors need to be considered beforehand for a valid utilization and interpretation of the impedance spectrum. In this chapter, the basic idea behind the usage of impedance spectroscopy and correlating it to the underlying physical phenomena in various domains is discussed. Additionally, an extensive review has been done on the various challenges that are faced in implementing impedance spectroscopy and the preliminary steps that are needed to circumvent these problems.
