ABSTRACT
Amid the organic nanoparticles, proteins/enzymes, due to their numerous submissions, have fascinated the attention of researchers. Preparation of NPs can be done with the help of biochemical pathways governed by enzymes. Enzymes have been used to alter, degrade, or make nanoparticles/nanomaterials. Characterization of various parameters, such as shape and size, FTIR properties, UV absorption spectra of enzyme nanoparticles (ENPs) are required. To obtain greater efficiency, ENPs are obstruct covalently on both organic and inorganic supports after which they are salvaged over a long period of time and with more accurate control of the reaction. Enzyme nanoparticles have better activity as they have a high surface area, good stability, and biocompatibility. ENPs have been employed for many attempts in constructing biosensors for detecting hydrogen peroxide, cholesterol, glucose, and uric acid in biological fluids. Bionanoenzyme are an evolving field because of their environment-friendly property. If used instead of free enzymes/immobilized enzymes in the innumerable industries they could provide good results. There have been many pathways for contact between nanoparticles, nanomaterials, and enzymes which are still to be explored. To enhance the use of enzymes and to overcome their disadvantages in native forms, various physiochemical properties of nanoparticles can be explored. In forensic science it helps in solving crimes related to warfare agents, and also helps in detecting Ricin communis which is a potent poison. The applications of microbial enzyme nanoparticles for biological regulation and metabolism are swiftly increasing due to growing pressures in the fields of environmental monitoring, biochemical engineering, and biomedicine.
