Green and Clean Energy

Green energy comes directly from the natural sources on the earth such as the sun, wind and geothermal heat. Clean energy is the energy in which no pollutants or contaminations are released into the environment. Green energy is also referred as clean energy due to the lack of negative effects on the environment. Renewable energy (RE) comes from sources that are constantly being replenished; examples of RE are solar energy, tide energy, ocean energy, wind power, thermal energy, hydropower and biomass. The requirement for enhancing the use of renewable energy power is due to a pollutant-free environment and making the power generation sector a significant source of green and clean energy. The renewable energy strengthens and boosts the economic development, enhances the ease to access the energy and improves its security. The world meteorological organization state of global climate has shown seven indications of climatic change. The balance between human activities, source and sink mainly depends on the atmospheric concentration of greenhouse gases. The increasing level of CO₂ gases is usually due to human activities. Renewable energy can supply 66% of the total energy demand worldwide contributing to reduction in carbon emission till 2050, making surface temperature less than 2°C globally. Policies should be made, and regular framework is required to enhance the growth of RE, especially for wind and solar photovoltaic (PV) technologies. In order to reduce the impact of carbon emission from the environment and other problems regarding fossil fuels, many countries in the world are forced to move towards RE, solar and wind are top most renewable energy resources generating power energy will least carbon emission in the environment. Many countries have made policies to reduce the usage of fossil fuel and move towards residential power generated by solar energy. Renewable energy sector is providing a large number of jobs in the current scenario such as in manufacturing unit, installation of PV panels in homes/colleges/hospitals etc. to skilled young generation worldwide. This chapter projects the current scenario in the distribution and generation sector used in educational institutions, industries, employment opportunities, investments, policies, stakeholders, research, global warming and environment change relief in the RE sector and sustainable ecosystem.