ABSTRACT
Transcriptomics is a highly performed experimental technique recently used in fishes to enrich the molecular data associated with several vital physiology such as reproduction, immune system, growth, and adaption to different environmental conditions. Transcriptomics has been transformed into a powerful, cost-effective, and user-friendly tool with the advent of technology. The study starts with RNA isolation which represents the complete set of genes expressed at the point in time. Transcriptome analysis help to aid the differential expression of important genes at various developmental stages and time points before or after some pathogenic or immunogenic stimulation. Transcriptomics generates a huge number of biological data which demand computational systems and various bioinformatics tools to process, analyze, and store the data for further deep analysis. Several applications of transcriptomics have been done in freshwater aquaculture but very few in cold water fisheries. Transcriptomics is a recent state-of-the-art technique to develop molecular markers in huge numbers for important commercial fish species. Transcriptomics helps in enriching the genetic resources of candidate and novel fish species to make better fruitful breeding strategies of fishes.
