ABSTRACT
The increasing levels of contamination and frequency of shortages of water have necessitated the need for sustainability in water resources management. One of the greatest challenges in the water and wastewater management sector is the implementation of economic treatment facilities for the human settlements in rural, urban, and peri-urban areas that will permit the reuse of treated effluents in various agricultural and industrial applications, thus reducing the overall user demand for water resources (Jhansi & Mishra, 2013). Decentralized wastewater treatment systems in accordance with the local government are being recognized as a suitable way to contribute towards the areas with no access to clean water supply or basic sanitation as well as increasing the efficiency of wastewater treatment and treated water recovery and reuse. The treatment technologies should be efficient, reliable, low cost, low maintenance, and locally acceptable (Libralato et al., 2012).
