ABSTRACT
This chapter seeks to summarize and illustrate the underlying biological and molecular processes that link the microbiome with the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFLD) and its progression toward severe histopathological and clinical forms, including nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and NASH fibrosis.
We specifically focus the content of this chapter on recent advances from human studies that involve a robust phenotypic characterization of NAFLD and the profiling of diverse microbiotas, from gut to circulating and tissue microbiotas. In addition, we integrate information on the role of microbiota in NAFLD with other levels of biological complexity, for instance, the interplay between host genetics and the microbiome.
