ABSTRACT
Sustainable industrial growth requires a sustainable supply of resources and the utilization of the generated waste. Organic waste has been recognized as a valuable resource; however, organic waste treatment remains a global challenge in the 21st century. State-of-the-art treatment technologies designed for organic waste to combat resource depletion and mitigate global warming are vital. Organic waste streams generated by industries, agriculture, and municipal solid waste including human waste are the major sources of waste that pose environmental issues. The application of green technology for organic waste treatment is a sustainable approach to mitigating climate change and conserving our depleting resources. Emerging green technologies such as fermentation, anaerobic digestion, vermicomposting, and bioremediation are widely utilized in transforming organic waste into sustainable resources. Such valuable resources include bioplastics, biofuels, and biofertilizers. A sustainable approach in organic waste management by integrating green technology is a close-loop method, which supports a circular economy.
