ABSTRACT
After a brief overview of delta-sigma data conversion, the authors discuss the design of continuous-time delta-sigma converters. They cover the effect of practical nonidealities like excess loop delay, clock jitter and time-constant variations, and ways to overcome them. The authors show the use of these techniques in case studies of several high-performance modulator designs. The system is discrete in time because of sampling. It is also discrete in amplitude due to the quantizer. And thus, the average of the output digital sequence by construction is the same as the average of the input waveform. Average of the output digital sequence is related to average of input waveform. Average of the output digital sequence is related to average of input waveform.
