ABSTRACT
Background(s): TNF-α or tumor necrosis factor is known as a pro-inflammatory mediator. A compound found in Solanum betaceum Cav. contains flavonoids as well as other known compounds that have antiinflammatory properties. Objective(s): The purpose of this study was to determine the anti-inflammatory effect of Solanum betaceum Cav. peel skin ethanol extract in animal models induced by carrageenan. Method(s): This research is an experimental laboratory study with a post-test control group design. Wistar male rats, weighing 180–220g at 3–4 months of age, were separated into 5 groups consisting of a positive control with 150 mg/kg. BW diclofenac sodium, the negative control with saline solution, and extracts of peel skin ethanol of Solanum betaceum Cav. at doses of 70 mg, 140 mg, and 280 mg/kg.BW for the treatment groups. Rats’ BW, TNF- α level, buccal mucosa thickness, and body mass had been assessed prior to the trial, as well as at 24, 48, and 72 hours after receiving an injection of 1% carrageenan. Result(s) and Discussion: The lowest TNF level was seen at 70 mg/kg.BW Solanum betaceum Cav. peel skin ethanol extract group (1831.00±74.95 pg/mL) at 24 hours in comparison to other groups included positive control (1835.00±81.31 pg/mL). There were no significant differences between the 70 mg/kg.BW group when compared with positive control and 280 mg/kg.BW group and positive control. 70 mg/kg.BW group continued to have the lowest TNF-level at 48 and 72 hours with significant differences (p < 0.05) aside from when compared with the positive control. Buccal mucous thickness did not differ significantly between 70mg/kg.BW and positive control at both 24 and 48 hours. The same was observed between 70mg/kg.BW extract and negative control on 72 hours. Conclusion(s): Solanum betaceum Cav. peel skin ethanol extract possesses anti-inflammatory contents like flavonoids that have the ability to reduce TNF-α levels particularly at a time of 24 hours with a dose of 70 mg/kg.BW showed higher potency compared to the positive control. At 48 and 72 hours, this 70 mg/kg.BW dose also showed significantly higher potency compared to the 140 and 280 mg/kg.BW groups however this potency was lower than positive control.
