ABSTRACT
Background(s): Early Childhood Caries (ECC) is a common infectious disease in children that affects more than 60%–90% of children worldwide. Some studies indicate that dysbiosis in the oral microbiome can affect conditions in the oral cavity, one of which can cause ECC. Objective(s): This review article tries to identify alteration of the oral microbiome composition in ECC which indicated dysbiosis. Method(s): The PubMed (MEDLINE) search engine was used to gather recent information about ECC and oral microbiome dysbiosis. The search was restricted to only English-language studies for five years (2017–2022). Studies were also obtained by manual searches. Main finding(s): Changes in the oral microbiome environment as a result of high carbohydrate consumption cause a decrease in pH, affects metabolic changes in the oral microbiome, and stimulates certain oral microbiome to become more pathogenic. Conclusion(s): Some studies have shown differences in oral microbiome composition, abundance, and diversity in ECC and caries-free (CF).
