ABSTRACT
Hematopoiesis is a balanced cellular mechanism to maintain blood lineage cellular turnover throughout life. In adults, bone marrow (BM) is the major site for hematopoiesis and provides an appropriate cellular and molecular microenvironment consisting of a heterogeneous stem cell population for proliferation, differentiation, and survival characteristics of the blood system. Neoplastic alteration in the hematopoietic stem cell and cancer stem cells (CSC) is primarily associated with all hematological malignancies. Since HSCs are a major contributor to the hematopoietic system, MSCs actively support hematopoiesis. In hematological cancers, neoplastic cells and CSCs trigger the normal development of hematopoiesis by usurping HSCs and MSCs functions. This altered function reprogramed MSCs to generate a favorable microenvironment to support neoplastic cells, leading to hematological malignancies.
