ABSTRACT
The term antiozonant, in its broadest sense, denotes any additive that protects rubber against ozone deterioration. Most frequently, the protective effect results from a reaction with ozone, in which case the term used is chemical antiozonant. Ozone is generated naturally by electrical discharge and also by solar radiation in the stratosphere [1]. These sources produce ground-level ozone concentrations of 1-5 parts per hundred million (pphm). In urban environments, however, ozone reaches much higher levels, up to —25 pphm, due to the ultraviolet photolysis of pollutants [1]: https://s3-euw1-ap-pe-df-pch-content-public-p.s3.eu-west-1.amazonaws.com/9781003418139/7816cb3f-30d1-479e-b0b8-ad1dcc749b65/content/unequ9_1.tif" xmlns:xlink="https://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"/>
