ABSTRACT
106Plants have the ability to interact with their environment. Different biotic and abiotic stresses, for example drought, salinity, heat, cold, metals and nutrient imbalance, affect the development and growth of plants. Plants modify themselves morphologically, physiologically, and modulating their biochemistry to suppress impact of various stresses. Plant roots develop association with soil microbes for better growth in every situation. Roots of higher plants interact with hyphae of some fungi and form a mutualistic association known as mycorrhizal association. There are many types of this mycorrhizal association, but the most important ones are ectomycorrhiza and arbuscular mycorrhiza. Mycorrhizal association helps in improving plant growth and yield by increasing nutrients uptake and water absorption from fine particles of soil. The role of mycorrhizal association is not only beneficial for enhancing plant tolerance to various stresses but this interaction also responds to many other stresses of their host plant.
