ABSTRACT
An engineered surface is the prime requirement for a biomaterial in this advanced age. Biomaterial surface engineering is an interdisciplinary subject focusing on the improvement of surface properties and their action and interaction with the living biological cell. A biomaterial can be defined as the material that is applied in medical equipment, implants, or tissue engineering applications to replace and enhance the action of living tissue. In this chapter, several techniques and strategies used in surface engineering of biomaterials are discussed, including surface modification, biomolecule immobilization, surface patterning, surface coating, and bioactive scaffolds. The basic requirements fixed by various standards for biomaterials, the scientific value of considering biomaterials, and the global demand for biomaterials are discussed. Biomaterials surface engineering is an active area of research and development that aims to maximize the performance and biocompatibility of biomaterials in various biomedical implication. Tuning surfaces to interact more effectively with biological systems holds promise for developing medical implants, tissue engineering constructs, drug delivery structures, and other biomedical instruments.
