ABSTRACT
The pollution of water resources is characterized by the presence of micro-organisms, chemical substances, or industrial waste. It can concern rivers, water tables, brackish waters, but also rainwater, dew, snow, and polar ice. Cell culture-based biosensing techniques use the full range of cytotoxic reactions available to external stimuli, via specifying the toxicity of aqueous samples. These bio-detection techniques can effectively indicate water toxicity to human safety and the health of aquatic organisms. The significant increase in the level of contaminants entering freshwaters requires rapid and reliable methods to monitor the aquatic environment and detect water toxicity. In this project, we review some recent evolution of current water biosensing techniques based on cell culture quality assessment, discuss their main properties and potential, and describe prospects for future development.
