ABSTRACT
This chapter introduces several important applications based on metasurfaces (MSs). MSs are subwavelength thickness two-dimensional (2D) or planar versions of metamaterials (MMs). The prefix “meta” suggests that the material's features go beyond what is apparent in nature. MMs are structural materials that are deliberately constructed and receive their characteristics from the internal microstructure instead of the chemical conformation present in normal materials. MMs provide this potential. While MMs have already revolutionized optics, their execution has been hampered by their inability to operate over large light bandwidths (BWs). As early as the middle of the 20th century, the existence of substances with a negative refractive index (RI) was anticipated. Traditional optical components use refractive, diffractive, and reflective principles to direct light. The volumetric management of the RI on a subwavelength scale allows for extraordinary control of light transmission in MMs, allowing for unique functionalities like negative refraction.
