ABSTRACT
The brain plays a crucial role in the coordination of bodily functions, and its different regions participate in controlling functions such as speech, cognition, memory, etc. The central nervous system (CNS) comprising the brain and spinal cord integrates at multiple levels for processing of multisensory information in regulating balance, posture, and mobility of an organism. These distributed controls of an organism are often affected by neuronal damage/injury. The loss of physiological and psychological functioning or structure is 358collectively known as impairments that limit the functional activities of a person and also restrict their social participation. Neurological injury mainly focuses on three categories or clinical pathways: single-incident brain and spinal cord damage and acute peripheral paralysis; alarming conditions such as degenerative dementia, Parkinson’s disease, etc.; and conditions such as cerebral palsy and late effects of other single-incident events acquired in childhood. Such neurological injury imposes difficulties on the patients and the related family members in managing their daily chores and involvement in social gatherings. Single-incident brain injury may include stroke and traumatic brain injury (TBI). Stroke has been reported to be the most common cause of severe physical disablement in people living at home and is more prone with an advancing age. Symptoms related to neurological injury can cause distress and impact function. The need and line of treatment of patients suffering from neurological injury differ from patient to patient, and therefore, the treatment is successful only if individualized treatment goals are set and defined, which are relevant to the suffering patient.
