ABSTRACT
Cardio-oncology patientsare all subjects with cancer affecting the heart, and more often patients with all types of cardiovascular diseases diagnosed before, during, or after anticancer treatment.A history of the patient's cardiovascular disorders can determine the real risk of cardiotoxicity and often becomes a contraindication for the use of anticancer drugs. The scheme of considered anticancer therapy may be strongly associated with the development of a new acute cardiovascular event or aggravation of previous cardiovascular disease.The classical risk factors for heart failure development,such as arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, etc.. should be well controlled.A cardio-oncology patient should receive individualized anticancer therapy where the expected benefit will be higher than the potential cardiovascular risk. A modified scheme is recommended to avoid or minimize cardiotoxic effects.Close cardiac surveillance is required for the early detection of cardiac or vascular damage, which could be an indication of secondary prevention. Outpatients should stay asymptomatic or with mild cardiac symptoms and may continue previous anticancer treatment.Acute cardiovascular adverse events in oncology require hospitalization. The immediate treatment of acute pulmonary embolism, acute heart failure, acute coronary syndromes, symptomatic arrhythmia, rarer pericarditis, pulmonary hypertension, vena cava superior syndrome, or hypotension should lead to improvements, which allow for the next line of anticancer treatment.
