ABSTRACT
For the finite-element modelling of macroscopic cracks in geomechanics a “smeared crack”-element has been developed. When tensile strength has been exceeded, it opens in direction of maximum tensile stress till tension is reduced to zero. Opening of the elements is strictly modelled sequentially – element by element – in order to simulate consistent growth of a macroscopic crack. The cracked elements are able to close again taking account of friction and sliding. In case of rock salt this fracture property has to work also under the action of creep and dilatancy. Last, but not least, opening and closure can be modelled under the further influence of fluid pressure.
