ABSTRACT
A temporomandibular joint (TMJ) arthrotomy is technically one of the more difficult surgical dissections in the maxillofacial region. TMJ arthrotomy is performed under general anaesthesia using a naso-endotracheal tube to permit manipulation of the mandible that will help identify the position of the mandibular condyle during surgical approaches to the joint. Beginning superiorly, the temporal part of the incision is carefully dissected deep towards temporalis fascia with fine curved dissection scissors such as Iris or Tenotomy scissors. Surgery to the condylar head may range from simple smoothing of irregularities in the fibrocartilagenous articular surface, and removal of osteophytes, to complete amputation of the condyle itself in cases of severe disease or tumours. There is little room for surgical error as these anatomical structures are only a few millimetres away from the joint itself. Careful attention to haemostasis is essential prior to closure.
