ABSTRACT
This chapter highlights the most common presentations of postinfectious diseases affecting the central nervous system (CNS) including acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), transverse myelitis (TM), acute cerebellar ataxia (ACA), Sydenham’s chorea, acute necrotizing encephalopathy (ANE), autoimmune encephalitis, and post-herpes simplex virus (HSV) autoimmune encephalitis/demyelination. Features that assist in the distinction between postinfectious and acute infectious processes, clinical definitions and presentation, and considerations in the differential diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of these diseases are highlighted.
