ABSTRACT
Carbon nanotubes (CNT) can be prepared by employing chemical vapor deposition, carbon arc discharge methods, or laser evaporation, and high pressure carbon monoxide techniques. The as-produced CNTs contain some metal nanoparticles and amorphous carbon as their major impurities. The modification of CNTs using biopolymers has been found to be the most promising route to preserve the properties of CNTs. the formation of bio-nanocomposite of CNTs with the carbohydrate biopolymers leads to synergistic reinforcement in the properties of both of them. The most common method for the fabrication of bio-nanocomposite of CNTs with biopolymers is solution processing. CNTs can overcome most of the disadvantages due to their ability to undergo fast electron transfer, provide wide potential window, flexible surface chemistry, good biocompatibility and the resistance of CNT-modified electrodes to surface fouling. Conventional electrochemical biosensors are based on either glassy carbon electrodes or metal electrodes.
