ABSTRACT
350Each of the main protein sources red and processed meat, dairy, poultry, chicken, fish, egg, and soy will be discussed commencing with epidemiology relating to these foods and total mortality, CVD, CHD, and stroke events and mortality and type 2 diabetes as well as risk markers of these diseases such as weight, lipids and blood pressure. Acute and chronic interventions with these foods will then be discussed. Although there is epidemiological evidence for red and processed meat to increase the risk of CVD and type 2 diabetes, and for dairy to protect there is a complete absence of any evidence from intervention studies to support these findings, except for a high dairy diet as part of the DASH diet lowering blood pressure. Red meat in place of carbohydrate also lowers blood pressure. The epidemiological findings are very heterogeneous and only yogurt appears to be protective in the majority of studies.
